DAMASCUS, Syria (AP) — The formation of an inclusive government in Syria in the coming weeks may influence decisions on Western sanctions, according to United Nations Special Envoy for Syria Geir O. Pedersen. During a visit to Damascus, Pedersen stated that a new administration, set to take office by March 1, could play a role in discussions regarding the potential easing of international restrictions.
Following the removal of former President Bashar Assad in December, Syria’s interim leadership was established by Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), a former rebel group. The interim administration, which includes members of the group’s previous governing body in northwestern Syria, has committed to forming a broader government through an inclusive process.
A national dialogue conference is being planned to shape Syria’s political future, although a specific date has not been announced. In January, Ahmad al-Sharaa, a former HTS leader, was appointed as Syria’s interim president after a meeting of former rebel factions.
Pedersen indicated that in his initial discussions with al-Sharaa in December, the interim president had suggested that the government would operate for three months. However, Pedersen emphasized that the key issue is not the timeline but rather whether the new leadership follows through on commitments to inclusivity.
Western sanctions, imposed during Assad’s tenure, remain in place as officials from the United States and Europe evaluate whether the interim government will uphold promises of inclusive governance and minority protections. Sanctions have been cited by the new authorities as a challenge to rebuilding the country and restoring essential services.
Organizers of the national dialogue have stated that all segments of Syrian society will be included in the discussions, with the exception of Assad loyalists and the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), a Kurdish-led group in northeastern Syria. The SDF has not yet agreed to dissolve and integrate into Syria’s new national military. Negotiations between the SDF and the central government are ongoing, and Pedersen expressed hope for a political resolution.
Pedersen also noted concerns about a potential security vacuum following the disbanding of Syria’s previous national army and security services. He emphasized the need for new state structures to be established swiftly and for alternative employment opportunities to be provided to former military personnel.
Additionally, Pedersen addressed recent Israeli military actions in Syria. According to the U.N., Israel has moved into a buffer zone in the Golan Heights, which was established by a 1974 ceasefire agreement, and has made incursions beyond that area. While Israeli officials have stated that these actions are for national security reasons and temporary, Pedersen reiterated that the situation is under review and called for adherence to international agreements.
The U.N. continues to monitor developments in Syria as discussions over governance and international relations progress.
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