In the emerging world of cryptocurrency, the prevalence of fraud and scams has increased alongside its growing popularity. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) reported that over 46,000 people in the U.S. lost a total of approximately $1 billion to crypto scams between January 2021 and June 2022, a significant rise from previous years.
Cryptocurrency offers a fast, efficient means of payment and investment, as highlighted in a Morgan Stanley blog post. Its digital nature facilitates convenient transactions for products, services, or asset transfers. However, its lack of a long-standing credibility record, coupled with the absence of regulation or central bank backing, necessitates caution.
Common crypto scams often mirror traditional investment frauds, where scammers promise low-risk, high-reward returns on non-existent opportunities. The primary difference in the crypto context is the focus on digital currencies like Bitcoin. Scammers may pose as successful investors, potential romantic interests, or even acquaintances to gain trust before manipulating victims into relinquishing control of their crypto assets. Melanie McGovern, director of public relations for the International Association of Better Business Bureaus, advises consumers to be wary of endorsements and to verify unexpected communications from known contacts, as accounts can be spoofed.
In some cases, scammers masquerade as legitimate businesses, offering products or services in exchange for cryptocurrency. Distinguishing deliberate scams from failing legitimate businesses in the volatile crypto space can be challenging. For example, the significant losses reported from the collapse of the crypto exchange FTX are not included in the FTC’s data on crypto fraud. The ongoing trial of FTX’s founder, Sam Bankman-Fried, may potentially shed light on the legitimacy of the exchange and common practices in the crypto industry.
Regulatory bodies have begun implementing measures to protect consumers. The U.K.’s Financial Conduct Authority, for instance, recently banned crypto companies from offering incentives such as “refer a friend” bonuses, aiming to provide consumers with more time and proper risk warnings to make informed decisions. Sheldon Mills, executive director of the Financial Conduct Authority’s Consumers and Competition division, emphasizes the importance of considered decision-making in crypto investments.
Despite these safeguards, the potential for consumers to be deceived remains. The overarching advice for those considering crypto investments is to only invest what they can afford to lose, maintaining a cautious approach in this evolving and often unpredictable market.
