A Minneapolis-based company is developing an alternative approach to manufacturing permanent magnets, a critical component in consumer electronics and clean energy technologies. Niron Magnetics, located near downtown Minneapolis, is working to produce magnets using iron and nitrogen, which are more abundant and environmentally sustainable compared to rare earth elements traditionally used in magnet production.
Permanent magnets are widely used in various applications, including wind turbines, electric vehicles, consumer electronics, and industrial equipment. Currently, the majority of these magnets rely on rare earth elements, which can be costly and subject to supply chain disruptions. China currently produces about 90% of the world’s permanent magnets, according to a memo from the U.S. Department of Commerce’s Bureau of Industry and Security.
Niron Magnetics’ technology, developed from research at the University of Minnesota, aims to reduce reliance on rare earth materials by utilizing iron nitride. Company officials state that this compound is naturally strong and can provide an alternative to traditional rare earth magnets. The company also highlights the environmental benefits of this process, as it produces saltwater as a byproduct rather than hazardous waste.
Frank Johnson, Niron’s chief technology officer, stated that the goal is to develop a domestic supply chain that minimizes dependence on imported materials. “There will always be potential supply chain disruptions when materials are sourced from overseas,” Johnson said. “Our approach seeks to address this challenge through technological innovation.”
The demand for permanent magnets is projected to rise significantly, particularly due to their use in electric vehicles and renewable energy systems. The International Energy Agency estimates that global demand could increase three to seven times by 2040.
The U.S. government has supported research into alternative magnet technologies following past supply chain disruptions. Niron Magnetics is among the companies receiving federal funding for commercializing new materials. Former U.S. Secretary of Energy Jennifer Granholm previously noted that such projects contribute to the country’s long-term clean energy goals.
Niron Magnetics is currently constructing a magnet manufacturing facility in Sartell, Minnesota, which the company states will be the first such plant built in the U.S. in 40 years. The facility is expected to produce millions of magnets once operational. The company has also announced plans to introduce magnet prototypes for product developers to test and provide feedback.
In recent years, Niron has received recognition for its innovations, including being named one of Time Magazine’s best inventions of 2023. It has also attracted investment from companies such as Samsung, General Motors, Stellantis, and Volvo.
As Niron Magnetics expands its operations, its efforts could contribute to the development of a more resilient and sustainable supply chain for permanent magnets, supporting industries ranging from consumer electronics to renewable energy.
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